Uruganda rwa Dangote, uruganda runini rutunganya peteroli muri Afurika, rwakuyeho ikirego cyarwo cyo kurega ikigo cya Nigeriya Midstream na Downstream gishinzwe kugenzura ibikomoka kuri peteroli (NMDPRA) hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byinshi bitumiza mu mahanga, harimo na Leta ya Nigeriya National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC Ltd).
Iki cyemezo cyashyizwe ahagaragara binyuze mu itangazo ry’ihagarikwa ryatanzwe ku ya 28 Nyakanga 2025, mu rukiko rukuru rw’ikirenga i Abuja, ryerekana impinduka zitunguranye mu ntambara y’amategeko yari imaze gukundwa n’abantu benshi. Uru rubanza rwasabye indishyi zingana na miliyari 100 naira (hafi miliyoni 66 z’amadolari y’Amerika), rwahagaritswe nta mpamvu zavuzwe, bituma indorerezi z’inganda zitekereza ku mpamvu zateye iki cyemezo.
Igikorwa cy’amategeko, cyatangijwe n’uruganda rwa Dangote, cyari kigamije guhangana n’uko NMDPRA itanga impushya zo gutumiza peteroli mu masosiyete menshi, harimo NNPC Ltd, AYM Shafa Ltd, A.A. Rano Ltd, T Uru ruganda rufite ubushobozi bwa barrile 650.000 ku munsi, rwerekanaga ko rushobora kuzuza peteroli ya Nijeriya, bityo bigatuma ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bitari ngombwa. Uru rubanza kandi rwavuze ko gukomeza gutumiza mu mahanga ibikomoka kuri peteroli byatesheje agaciro imikorere y’uruganda ndetse n’intego ya Nijeriya yo kugera ku bwigenge bw’ingufu.
Imenyekanisha ry’ikurwaho ryatanzwe n’itsinda ryemewe n’amategeko rya Dangote riyobowe na George Ibrahim, ryavuze gusa ko urega yahagaritse ikirego abaregwa bose bidatinze. Nta bindi bisobanuro byatanzwe, kandi ntibiramenyekana neza niba umwanzuro wo hanze y’urukiko waragezweho.
Uru rubanza rwari ruteganijwe kuburanishwa ku ya 29 Nzeri 2025, icyo gihe urukiko rushobora gukemura ibibazo byose abaregwa basaba kugira ngo babone amagarama cyangwa guhagarika ikirego. Yaba NMDPRA cyangwa abo baregwa hamwe, nta n’umwe watanze ibisobanuro ku ruhame ku bijyanye no kuvaho, byiyongera ku gushidikanya ku cyemezo.
Iri terambere rikurikira ibihe bivuguruzanya muri Nigeriya yo hepfo ya peteroli. Uruganda rwa Dangote ruherereye mu nkengero za Lagos, rwatangiye gukora muri Mutarama 2024, rutanga mazutu, naphtha, na lisansi y’indege, nyuma rutangira gukora lisansi muri Nzeri 2024. Uru ruganda rwashimiwe ko rushobora guhindura ubukungu muri Nijeriya, uruganda rukora peteroli rumaze igihe rushingiye ku bicuruzwa bitunganijwe bitumizwa mu mahanga kubera ubushobozi buke bwo gutunganya mu gihugu.
Icyakora, amakimbirane yarakomeje hagati ya Dangote n’ubuyobozi bugenzura, ndetse n’abacuruzi ba peteroli baho. Amakimbirane yari arimo mbere yavuzwe na Dangote avuga ko NMDPRA yemereye ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bitujuje ubuziranenge, mu gihe umuyobozi wabigenzuye avuga ko umusaruro w’uru ruganda, cyane cyane mazutu yarwo, urimo sulferi nyinshi ugereranije n’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga.
Ivanwaho ry’uru rubanza rije mu gihe impinduka nini zagaragaye muri politiki ya ingufu za Nijeriya. Mu mezi ashize, guverinoma yafashe ingamba zo gukemura bimwe mu bibazo by’uruganda, harimo n’amabwiriza ya Perezida Bola Tinubu yo koroshya peteroli n’ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe neza muri naira.
Iyi politiki yemejwe n’inama nyobozi nkuru y’igihugu, yari igamije kugabanya umuvuduko w’ivunjisha no guhagarika ibiciro bya peteroli, bikaba bishobora kugabanya ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bya Dangote bitotombera ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga. Abashinzwe inganda bavuga ko ingamba nk’izo zishobora kuba zaragize uruhare mu cyemezo cyo guhagarika ikirego, nubwo nta cyemezo cyemewe cyatanzwe.
Guhagarika ibikorwa by’amategeko kandi bitera kwibaza ku bijyanye n’ejo hazaza h’isoko rya peteroli rya Nijeriya. Uruganda rwa Dangote rwihagararaho kugira ngo rwiganze mu gutanga peteroli mu gihugu, ruteganya gukwirakwiza lisansi mu buryo butaziguye kuri sitasiyo zicururizwamo, mu nganda, ndetse n’abandi baguzi benshi guhera muri Kanama 2025.
Iki cyemezo cyateje impungenge mu bacuruzi b’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, batinya ko igipimo cy’uruganda n’umutungo bishobora gutera kwiharira, bikaba byazamura ibiciro ku baguzi. Ishyirahamwe rya ba nyiri gucuruza ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri Nijeriya mbere ryagaragaje impungenge z’ingaruka zo kwaguka kwa Dangote ku bucuruzi bwabo, cyane cyane ko uruganda rwaguze amakamyo 4000 asanzwe akoreshwa na gaze kugira ngo azamure imiyoboro yabyo.
N’ubwo ikirego cyakuweho, ibibazo by’ubucuruzi, amabwiriza, n’umutekano w’ingufu ntibikemutse. Urwego rwo hasi rwa Nijeriya rukomeje guhangana n’inyungu z’inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa mu gihugu ndetse n’abatumiza mu mahanga.
NMDPRA yunganiye itangwa ry’impushya zo gutumiza mu mahanga bikenewe mu rwego rwo gukumira ibura rya lisansi no guteza imbere isoko rihiganwa, imyifatire ishyigikiwe na bamwe mu bafatanyabikorwa. Hagati aho, uruganda rutunganya inganda rwa Dangote rukomeza ruvuga ko ibikorwa byayo ari ingenzi mu kugabanya Nigeriya ishingiye ku mavuta yatumijwe mu mahanga, intego ikaba ihuza n’icyifuzo cy’igihugu cyo kwihaza.
Igihe itariki yo ku ya 29 Nzeri yegereje, amaso yose azareba Urukiko Rukuru kugira ngo arebe uko urubanza rwarangizwa ku mugaragaro. Ivanwaho ry’urubanza rishobora kwerekana impinduka mu biganiro cyangwa indi myanzuro hagati y’uruganda rwa Dangote na bagenzi bayo mu nganda. Kugeza ubu, iki cyemezo kikaba ari ikintu gikomeye mu ihindagurika rikomeje gukorwa mu bucukuzi bwa peteroli muri Nijeriya, bikaba bifite ingaruka ku bukungu n’ingufu by’igihugu.
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