Mu mudugudu wo mu cyaro mu ntara ya KwaZulu-Natal yo muri Afurika y’Epfo, umushomeri Nozuko Majola w’imyaka 19 y’amavuko aragerageza kumenya niba afite amafaranga ahagije yo gukora urugendo rw’isaha imwe kugira ngo akusanye imiti ya sida ikenewe cyane, ubusanzwe ayigeza iwe idashobora kugerwaho byoroshye kubera imihanda itoroshye, idafite gahunda.
Majola ni umwe mu barwayi babarirwa muri za miriyoni bo muri Afurika y’Epfo bahuye n’ikibazo cyo guhagarika imfashanyo z’amahanga ku isi Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika Donald Trump, bituma abantu bahangayikishwa n’abarwayi ba virusi itera SIDA batitabira kwivuza, umubare w’ubwiyongere ukazamuka ndetse n’impfu zikiyongera.
Mu 2024, ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’ubumenyi bw’ikiremwamuntu cyashyize ahagaragara imibare yerekana ko intara ya Majola yanditse ku mwanya wa kabiri mu banduye virusi itera sida mu gihugu, ku kigero cya 16%, aho nibura urubyiruko nibura 1300 rwandura iyi ndwara buri cyumweru.
KwaZulu-Natal kandi yari ifite umubare munini w’abantu banduye virusi itera SIDA muri Afurika y’Epfo mu 2022, bagera kuri miliyoni 1.9. Igihugu kibara abantu barenga miliyoni 7.5 banduye virusi itera SIDA – kurusha ibindi bihugu.
Hariho miliyoni 5.5 z’Abanyafurika y’Epfo bahabwa imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA, inkunga yabo ikaba ikomeje kwibazwaho nyuma yuko Trump ihagaritse gahunda yihutirwa ya Perezida yo gutabara abafite virusi itera SIDA, cyangwa PEPFAR. Minisiteri y’ubuzima ivuga ko itanga amafaranga arenga miliyoni 400 ku mwaka muri gahunda za virusi itera sida muri Afurika yepfo n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta, hafi 17% y’amafaranga yose yatanzwe.
Ku isi hose, PEPFAR ishimwe ko yarokoye byibuze miliyoni 26 kuva yatangira mu 2003, nk’uko ikigo cya Loni gishinzwe kurwanya SIDA kibitangaza.
Mu cyumweru gishize, umucamanza wa federasiyo yategetse ubuyobozi bwa Trump gukuraho by’agateganyo guhagarika inkunga, mu gihe Ambasade y’Amerika muri Afurika yepfo yavuze ko imishinga ya PEPFAR izakomeza mu gihe gito. Icyakora, amatsinda atabara abafite virusi itera sida yamaze gufunga amatangazo yo gufunga amanitse ku bwinjiriro n’imodoka zanditswemo na PEPFAR zihagaze ubusa, abarwayi bakoherezwa ku bigo nderabuzima bigoye.
Inkunga nyinshi za PEPFAR zinyuzwa mu miryango itegamiye kuri leta, ikora gahunda zishimira serivisi zita kubuzima zitangwa na leta.
Urujya n’uruza rw’abarwayi
Kuri Majola n’abandi barwayi ba virusi itera SIDA bo mu karere ka Umzimkhulu, aho ubushomeri bwiganje kandi abantu benshi bakishingikiriza ku buhinzi butunzwe n’inkunga itangwa na leta, guhagarika imfashanyo byahungabanije ubuzima bwabo.
Ati: “Ibintu bizakomera hirya no hino, kandi abantu benshi ntibazabura kwivuza kuko rwose duhanganye n’ubwikorezi. Amavuriro ngendanwa ntaza hano.”
Ubukonje bwababaje amatsinda atandukanye atagishoboye gutanga ubuvuzi, bituma umubare w’abarwayi winjira mu bigo rusange. Hamwe n’imiti, izi gahunda kandi zemereye abashinzwe ubuzima gupima abarwayi ba virusi itera SIDA mu midugudu ya kure, ikaba yarabaye ubuzima bwa benshi, cyane cyane abatinya gusura ibigo rusange kubera ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mibereho ryatewe na virusi itera SIDA.
Byongeye kandi, abakozi bashinzwe ubuzima bagera ku 15.000 umushahara wabo uterwa inkunga na PEPFAR basigaye bibaza niba babuze imibereho.
Hafi y’isaha imwe mu karere ka Umgungundlovu, ikigo cy’ibitekerezo kivuga ko gifite umubare munini w’ababana na virusi itera SIDA muri Afurika y’Epfo, abajyanama ba virusi itera SIDA bateraniye mu biro bito baganira ku buryo bwiza bwo gufasha abarwayi nka Majola. Umuyobozi ku ivuriro ry’ubuzima ryegereye yibajije uko yakemura imirimo y’ubuyobozi irimo kwiyongera nyuma y’uko abakozi batewe inkunga na PEPFAR bavuyemo.
Ati: “Abantu bakoraga ubuyobozi no gufata amakuru, umushahara wabo watewe inkunga na PEPFAR, baragiye. Turi ikigo gito kandi ntidushobora guhangana n’akazi nk’ako. “
Ikintu cy’ubuzima n’urupfu
Nozuko Ngcaweni amaze imyaka igera kuri 30 avura virusi itera SIDA. Umwe mu bana be na we yaranduye apfa afite imyaka 17. Yavuze ko guhagarika imfashanyo bimaze kugira ingaruka ku baturage be kandi benshi babuze ubuvuzi.
Ati: “Ntabwo hashize igihe kinini, twavuze mu 2030, turashaka kubona igisekuru kitagira virusi itera SIDA. Ariko niba ibintu bigumye uko biri, ntabwo tuzabigeraho. Tugomba guhangana n’urupfu ”.
Mzamo Zondi, umuyobozi w’intara wa gahunda yo kuvura ibikorwa, aharanira ko ababana n’ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA bakurikirana, bakomeje gukurikirana ingaruka z’ihagarikwa ry’imfashanyo muri Umgungudlovu.
Ati: “Igisubizo cyacu (kuri virusi itera SIDA) kirashobora guhungabana mu gihe duharanira guhagarika abantu banduye.Iki ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima n’urupfu.”
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