Abahinzi bo muri Nijeriya birabagora kubona amazi ahagije ku bihingwa byabo. Ibibaya by’inzuzi byatangiye kugenda byumye biganisha kuri bamwe ntayandi mahitamo bafite uretse kuvoma amazi yubutaka. Urutoki rwerekanwe cyane ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere, abashinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije baburira ko ibiribwa bishobora kuba ingume mu gihe hadafashwe ingamba zihutirwa zo gufasha abahinzi kuhira ubutaka bwabo.
Ibi nibisabwa abahinzi bo muri Nijeriya kandi benshi bemeza ko ihindagurika ry’ikirere ariryo nyirabayazana. Nyuma y’imyaka 20 akora umurima we mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba bwa Nijeriya, no guharanira kubona amazi y’ibihingwa bye, Nasiru Bello nta bundi buryo afite uretse kwifashisha kuvoma amazi y’ubutaka.
Icyuzi cyuzuye ibyondo n’ibisigaye byuruzi rwatanze amazi kumurima we urenga hegitari eshanu n’izindi zo mumuryango wa Kwalkwalawa muri leta ya Sokoto yumutse. “Ibi bintu byose ni ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kubera ko mu myaka yashize tutari tuzi ko imigezi yumye nk’iyi ariko ubu kubera imihindagurikire y’ikirere zumye.
Bello agira ati: “Mu byukuri, abantu bose bari aho, bamwe muri bo babaruye igihombo hashize imyaka mike iyo inzuzi zumye kubera ko nta buryo bwo kuhira uretse uruzi,” akomeza gutera imisatsi ye ku butaka bwumutse. Ati: “Ndahura n’ingorane nyinshi kuko ntabwo nkoresha uruzi, ariko uruma mugihe urikoresha. Ugomba gucukumbura undi kandi gucukura indi ntibyoroshye kuko ugomba gukoresha amafaranga kumariba yose ugiye gucukura. Kandi ntamafaranga ufite yo kwishyuza amashanyarazi (guha ingufu iriba) burimwaka, uzaba ucunga ayo ufite kugeza ubonye amafaranga yo kugura irindi. Niba utabikora, uzakomeza kubicunga. “
Imihindagurikire y’ibihe irwanya ubuhinzi muri Nijeriya, igihugu gituwe cyane muri Afurika. Ibyemezo by’abahinzi bo mu majyaruguru, bingana na 70% by’ubuhinzi bwa Nijeriya, bimaze kugira ingaruka ku biciro by’ibiribwa no kuboneka mu majyepfo y’inyanja y’amajyepfo atuye mu mujyi wa Lagos (utuwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 21). Abahinzi bavuga ko amazi yizewe yumye.
Kandi bafite amikoro make yo gushushanya. Kurenga 80% by’abahinzi ba Nijeriya ni abahinzi-borozi bato, bangana na 90% by’umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi buri mwaka. Bamwe bakora imirima yabo hamwe n’ibindi bitarenze igice cy’ibiti bibajwe hafi n’amaboko yabo yambaye ubusa. Ibigori, igihingwa kinini cy’ibinyampeke muri Nijeriya, cyaragabanutse ku butaka bwahinzwe buva kuri hegitari miliyoni 6.2 mu 2021 bugera kuri hegitari miliyoni 5.8 mu 2022, nkuko byatangajwe na AFEX, ihererekanyabubasha ry’ibicuruzwa byemewe.
Hashize imyaka, Abanyanijeriya hamwe n’abandi bazirikanye urugero rutangaje rw’ikiyaga cya Tchad mu majyaruguru y’uburasirazuba bw’igihugu. Yagabanutseho hafi 90%. Hano hari amakuru make aboneka kumisha yandi, amazi mato mato mumajyaruguru. Ariko abahinzi bavuga ko inzira yagiye ikomera. Ahandi hose muri leta ya Sokoto, Umoru Muazu arimo guhinga umurima we kugirango ahinge ibihingwa bitandukanye nta gushidikanya ko umusaruro ushimishije. Agira ati: “Umwaka twatangiye, twari dufite amazi ahagije ariko ubu nta mazi ahari. Ku bw’ibyo, tugomba gucukura iriba kugira ngo amazi akomeze kuhira, keretse mu gihe cy’imvura“.
Mu gihe cy’imvura, tubona amazi, ariko ntabwo arubu kuva amazi yavuyeho, kandi mbere yuko atuma hakiri kare, ariko ubu arabikora. Tugomba gucukura iriba kugira ngo turangize imirimo yacu. “Biteganijwe ko mu mwaka wa 2050, igihugu cya Nijeriya kizaba igihugu cya gatatu ku isi gituwe cyane ku isi, hamwe na Amerika ndetse na nyuma y’Ubuhinde n’Ubushinwa. Impuguke ziraburira ku ngaruka zo kugabanuka k’umusaruro w’ibihingwa.
Dr. Isa Yusuf-Sokoto ni umuhanga mu bidukikije ukomoka mu gace ka Sokoto Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, agira ati: “Kuma inzuzi, ibiyaga, imigezi mu myaka ya vuba aha bifitanye isano n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere yaje guhagarara. Ibi bijyana n’imiterere mibi y’igihugu cya Sokoto ari akarere k’ibice bikomoka ku butayu hamwe n’ibibazo bifitanye isano n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. ubu binubira. “
Dr Yusuf-Sokoto asobanura uburyo ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko bibiri bya gatatu by’ibiti hakurya ya Sokoto byashize, ibyo bikaba bituma ubushyuhe bwiyongera. Agira ati: “Niba nta gutabara abahinzi kandi iki gikorwa kigomba kwihutirwa.Hafi hazabaho ikibazo, ikibazo cy’ibiribwa kizabaho, ikibazo cy’amazi nacyo kizavuka, ndetse n’ikibazo cy’ubuzima gishobora kuvuka kuko abo bose ari abahungu n’abakobwa bashobora kuvuka kubera ikibazo cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.“
Kugabanuka k’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi urimo kugaragara ahandi muri Nijeriya, cyane cyane mu majyepfo. Imibare yatanzwe n’ikigo cya leta gishinzwe ibarurishamibare yerekana ko ubuhinzi bwaho bwatanze 22% by’umusaruro rusange wa Nijeriya mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024, ukamanuka uva kuri 25% mu gihembwe gishize, mu gihe ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byageze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu myaka itanu.
Biteganijwe ko abaturage ba Nijeriya bazagera kuri miliyoni 400 mu 2050, Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa n’ubuhinzi ryashishikarije ubuhinzi bwangiza ikirere kugira ngo bufashe kwihaza mu biribwa. Guverinoma ya Nijeriya yategetse ibigo by’ubushakashatsi mu by’ubuhinzi gutegura ibisubizo. Ibyo ntibishobora kuza vuba bihagije – kuri ubu abahinzi nka Bello na Muazu bakomeje kugerageza guhinga mu butaka bwumutse.
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