Donald Trump abona Afurika yarahindutse. Ubu arasa nushishikajwe no kugirana amasezerano n’ibihugu bya Afurika
Perezida wa Amerika, Donald Trump azahura n’abayobozi ba Gabon, Gineya-Bissau, Liberiya, Mauritania, na Senegali kuva ku ya 9 kugeza ku ya 11 Nyakanga.
Iyi nama itunguranye, nubwo abasesenguzi bamwe babifashe nkikomeza cyo kongera ingufu muri diplomasi z’abanyamerika ku mugabane wa Afurika.
Mu kwezi gushize, White House yunze ubumwe mu masezerano y’amahoro hagati y’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, bituma ihagarikwa ry’ibanze ry’imirwano n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba zishyigikiwe n’u Rwanda zirwanya ingabo za DRC mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu amezi menshi.
Mu gihe inama y’ibihugu byombi yagiranye na perezida w’Afurika yepfo Cyril Ramaphosa muri Gicurasi yagabanutse kubera amakimbirane menshi, aho bamwe bavuga ko Trump “yasuzuguye” umuyobozi wa Afurika yepfo, iyi nama izabera mu cyumweru gitaha bishoboka ko izibanda ahanini ku mibanire y’ubucuruzi n’amahirwe y’ubucuruzi muri ibyo bihugu.
Trump yashyize umubano w’ubucuruzi intego nyamukuru y’imibanire n’umugabane wa Afurika, yifuza gusimbuza gahunda z’ubutabazi n’inkunga z’iterambere.
Gahunda y’inama nini y’Amerika na Afurika nayo yatangajwe muri Nzeri, nubwo nta kintu cyemezwa kugeza ubu ku mpande zombi.
Ni uruhe ruhare umutungo kamere ugira muri ibyo bihugu?
Ku bijyanye n’ubucuruzi hamwe n’Amerika, ibihugu bitanu usanga bifite ubukene. Nyamara, byose bifite umutungo kamere udakoreshwa:
Gabon
ikungahaye ku mavuta, manganese, uranium, ubutare bw’icyuma, zahabu, n’ibintu bidasanzwe by’isi.
Gineya-Bissau
ifite ububiko bwa fosifate, bauxite, amavuta, gaze, na zahabu.
Liberiya
ifite ububiko bwa manganese na zahabu, kandi diyama yabonetse hafi yumupaka wayo na Siyera Lewone.
Mauritania
Ifite ubutare, zahabu, umuringa, amavuta, gaze, n’ubutaka budasanzwe.
Senegali
Zahabu, fosifate, ubutare bw’icyuma, n’amabuye y’agaciro adasanzwe y’isi, hamwe na peteroli na gaze.
Tuvuge iki ku kwibimuka n’ibiyobyabwenge?
Umujyanama mpuzamahanga ukomoka muri Mauritania, Zakaria Ould Amar agira ati: “Kugenzura abimukira n’inzira z’ibiyobyabwenge nibyo Donald Trump ashishikajwe cyane.”
Abimukira bahagaritswe n’ingabo za Senegali zirwanira ku nkombe za Dakar
Ibi bihugu bitanu bishingiye ku nzira z’impunzi n’abimukira bimaze imyaka myinshi byohereza abantu ibihumbi icumi ku mupaka wa Amerika na Mexico. Inzira mpuzamahanga z’ibiyobyabwenge nazo zinyura muri aka karere kibyo bihugu ese nabyo bazabiganiraho uburyo byacunga umutekano wabyo?
Amar avuga ko ibyo bibazo by’umutekano bizaganza ibiganiro bya Trump n’abayobozi batanu bo muri Afurika. “Mu bukungu, kuri ubu ibyo bihugu nta kamaro bifite. Sinshobora kubona icyo Trump ashobora kugirana imishyikirano nyayo mu bijyanye n’ubucuruzi cyangwa ubucukuzi.”
Impuguke mu bibazo by’Abanyamerika Prof. William Ferreira ukomoka muri Gineya-Bissau ntashidikanya: “Ndashidikanya ko iyi nama izazanira inyungu zifatika ibihugu bya Afurika bireba. Nta kintu na kimwe cy’Iyi nama ku buntu.”
Agira ati: “Urugendo rwa perezida wacu i Washington guhura na Trump ntabwo ari inkuru nziza kuri Gineya-Bissau cyangwa abaturage bayo.” Ferreira avuga ko ubuyobozi bwa Trump bwahagaritse cyangwa bugabanya cyane inkunga y’imishinga ifasha muri Afurika ndetse no muri Gineya-Bissau, bituma ibyiringiro byose bifitanye isano n’inama yabereye i Washington.
Ibihugu bitanu bifite amategeko afite impinduka mu bibazo
Kuri Perezida wa Gineya-Bissau, Umaro Sissoco Embalo, ariko, iki giterane gitanga umwanya wo kwigaragaza nk’umunyapolitiki wubahwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga, nubwo hari ibibazo bikomeye biri imbere. Manda ye yarangiye ku mugaragaro muri Gashyantare, nyamara akomeza kuba ku butegetsi mu gihe hari ibibazo byemewe n’amategeko. Iherezo ry’amatora ateganijwe mu Kuboza ntirizwi neza.
Umaro Sissoco Embalo, perezida wa Gineya-Bissau, yagaragaye ku ishusho ubwo yabonanaga na Perezida w’Uburusiya Vladimir Putin i Moscou
Ferreira agira ati: “Ubutegetsi uko ari butanu, ntabwo ari Gineya-Bissau gusa, burimo guhangana n’ibibazo bikomeye by’inzego no kurenga ku mategeko. Ariko ibyo ntibibangamiye Trump. Arashaka kwerekana ko agifite abayoboke muri Afurika. Kuri ba perezida batanu, iki gikorwa ni umwanya wo kwigaragaza nk’abayobozi bakomeye kandi bemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Kandi mu by’ukuri, uko babibona, bizamura cyane imyanya yabo.”
Perezida wa Gabon uriho ubu, Brice Oligui Nguema, yahuye n’ibirego bikomeye bya ruswa kandi bifitanye isano na coup d’Etat iherutse kwirukana Ali Bongo Ondimba.
Liberiya ihura n’ibibazo bikomeye by’imibereho. Joseph Boakai yabaye perezida kuva muri Mutarama 2024, Perezida wa Mauritania, Mohamed Ould Ghazouani, umujenerali akaba n’umunyapolitiki, yatangiye imirimo kuva muri Kanama 2019 ariko igihugu gifite ibibazo bikomeye by’imibereho.
Perezida wa Gabon, Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, mu muhango wo kurahira i Libreville muri Gicurasi 2025
Senegal, iyobowe na Perezida Bassirou Diomaye Faye kuva mu 2024, iregwa ibirego byo korohereza abimukira mpuzamahanga mu buryo butemewe. Gineya-Bissau ikomeje kwishora mu bibazo by’inzego, imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta ishinja Umaro Sissoco Embalo gusenya inzego za demokarasi kandi igamije gushyiraho igitugu. Kuba afite ubuzimagatozi bigaragara ko bidakomoka ku baturage ahubwo binyuze mu byemezo mpuzamahanga nk’inama y’i Washington.
Intsinzi ya dipolomasi cyangwa kwerekana politiki?
Lesmes Monteiro, umujyanama wa perezida muri Gineya-Bissau, atanga ibitekerezo bitandukanye. Ati: “Kuba Sissoco Embaló yarashyizwe mu batanu batoranijwe na Trump ni intsinzi ya diplomasi. Ni umuyobozi wiyemeje, wubahwa kandi wakiriwe n’abanyapolitiki bakomeye ku isi: Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping, Emmanuel Macron, ubu na Donald Trump.”
Monteiro yerekana guhuza ibitekerezo nk’ibintu by’ingenzi mu guhitamo. “Trump na perezida bacu bahuje indangagaciro: gushimangira cyane ubusugire bw’igihugu n’indangagaciro gakondo. Umwanya wa geostrategique wa Gineya-Bissau ni ingenzi cyane kuri Amerika, kandi mu bukungu, iki gihugu gishobora gushimisha Amerika mu gihe giciriritse.”
@Rebero.rw
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